HTML utilizes tags that describe the general structure of various kinds of documents linked together on the World Wide Web. The set of descriptive formatting codes used in HTML documents that instruct a web browser how to display text and graphics on a web page. For example, to make text bold, the tag <B> is used at the beginning and end of the text. The "/" is used to close the tag </B>.
Each page begin with the <html> tag and ends with </html>
Structure of an html page
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>
Tittle of the Page in the Browser bar
</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>
Tittle of the Page in the Windows
</H1>
...
</BODY>
</HTML>Here is the html code of the beginning of this page.
- <html>
- <head>
- <meta HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
- <meta NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Microsoft FrontPage 3.0">
- <title>CALMet 99 - Cutting and pasting</title>
- </head>
- <body BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
- <h1>CALMET 99 <strong>- Workshop C: Web-based instruction (introduction)</strong></h1>
- <hr>
- <h1><a name="cuttingpasting"></a>3. Cutting and pasting</h1>
- <hr>
- <h3><a name="browser"></a>What an html page looks like</h3>
Hyper link :
This is an example of link to a new document in a "tag" :
<A HREF="url">my document</A>
This hyper link can redirect to different kind of documents :
To an other HTML document :
<A HREF="http://www.urec.fr/index.html">Serveur WWW de l'UREC</A>
To a picture
<A HREF="myphoto.jpg">Here I am</A>
To a file of sound or a video
<A HREF="file">clic here to download the file</A>
To a mail utility :
<A HREF=mailto:address> text </A>
etc.
Pictures :
This hyper link is for inserting a picture in the text :
<IMG SRC="url-of-the picture">
With a file in GIF, JPEG ou XBM
Only the html code is saved when you are saving a page with your browser, so that you don't save the objects linked by the html tags.
With the right button of you mouse (PC) you are able to save all objects. But then the links will be broken and you will have to restore them to have the exact copy of the page you wanted to save.
Special tools exists to save complete Web sites. For example the import tool of Microsoft Frontpage gives you this possibility. Other tools are available (see Useful related web sites). This tools build an image of the web site on your own computer.
If scripts (CGI), are running on the server, it's impossible to run them on your computer.
Sometimes you may have difficulties if you want to run Java applets on your own hard disk.
The copyright rules have to be respected on the Web as anywhere.